This small tree (known as "Russian olive") has been planted for "wildlife" and "reclamation" across North America for several decades. It is now locally invasive in western states, but does not appear to have become as widely naturalized in eastern states (Ch, PL, W, Y). The few Ky. records date from after 1970. Compared to umbellata, angustifolia has distinctly narrow leaves (L/W mostly 3-8 versus 1.5-3); plants with only silver scales (versus silver plus bronze) and fruits orange-yellow at maturity (versus silvery or reddish); and more sharp thorny branches. Several records of K need further verification, and are mapped here with open dots. A related species, E. commutata Bernh., is native to northwestern North America, and its report from Ky. by BA was probably based on misidentified angustifolia (M). Both species have yellow fruits and persistently silvery-lepidote leaves. In contrast, umbellata and multiflora have red fruits; leaves soon green and glabrescent above; shorter shrubby growth and less developed thorns.