This is largely midwestern but extends locally into the southern Cumberland Plateau, Blue Ridge and Piedmont (FNA 26, W). T. recurvatum is generally considered a species of somewhat mesic woods, and appears sensitive to browsing by deer (Frankland & Nelson 2003). However, it was also reported from the "barrens of Ky." by Short (1836, 1840). In Ky. some colls. (EKY, KY) are referable (following F) to the partly yellow forma luteum Clute (GRAY, UNIO) or the completely yelliow forma shayi Palmer & Steyerm. (GRAV, LYON, TRIG, UNIO). Verification is needed for the records from HART (W. Ky. Univ. Green River report) and MCRE (R. Cranfill, pers. comm.). A student coll. from FAYE (KY) is excluded since it has dubious label data.