This winter annual or biennial is secure in some southeastern states (especially Tex. to S.C.), but it is now endangered in Ky. and elsewhere in the Ohio Valley (Campbell et al. 1989). Despite having largely disappeared from the northern half of its range, there has been little organized effort to propagate and recover reflexum. In s. Ind. (Perry & Posey Cos., pers. comm from M. Homoya) just two populations are known in burned post oak woods. In s. Ohio also just two populations are known, in burned or otherwise disturbed woods: in Hamilton & Pike Cos., much browsed by deer (pers. comm from D. Boone; see also, http://floraofohio.blogspot.com/). In Ky. reflexum used to be widely scattered across western and central regions, but it became rare by 1900 (Gm). Some uncertain records mapped here are based on historical references. After 1970 it has been found in just two localities: (1) near Mammoth Cave (EDMO & HART), in hills between the formerly burned "Big Barrens" on the karst plain and the Green Rv.; (2) on a reforesting terrace of the lower Green Rv. in HOPK (Hal Bryan, pers. comm., 1984). Hussey (1876) noted: "occurs in several localities between the railroad and Mammoth Cave. I mention it because I have never found so many specimens in any one locality before, and also to make a note of the fine rose-pink color it everywhere had." Records from BOUR, FAYE and HARR remain unverfied or based on misidentifications (Campbell et al. 1989, Wharton & Barbour 1991). Variation in leaf markings (with distinct 'chevrons' more frequent to the south), in pubescence (which is absent in related species), and in flower color (red, yellowish or white) needs further study. The midwestern var. glabrum Loja may be distinct in its general lack of leaf markings, thinner pubescence and paler flower color. Some plants from Ky. (HOPK, TRIG), and perhaps all from sw. Ohio and Ind. have white flowers.