This more robust relative of minor has similar original range in southern Europe, but not extending as far north; 2n = 92 (versus 46). V. major has been widely grown and locally naturalized in southeastern states, but in most of Ky. it is not hardy enough for horticultural use. Gm noted "not often seen" in 1914; there are more recent colls. from CALL (MUR) and perhaps CHRI (M). But it is not clear if these records represent real spread into wild vegetation.