This has been reported from scattered localities across east-central states, east of the Mississippi Rv., but there has been uncertainty about taxonomy and nomenclature (McKinney 1992, Gil-ad 1997, 1998, Ballard et al. 2023; W). Some reported plants of subsinuata (or "X subsinuata") in the Great Lakes region and northern Ohio Valley have been considered transitional from the sororia or palmata complex to pedatifida , but may now be treated as baxteri; see notes under that name. V. subsinuata (and baxteri) differs from palmata sensu stricto as follows (W; Ballard et al. 2023): homophyllous, largest lf blades deeply (sub)bi- to triternately divided into (7)9-25 ultimate segments (versus heterophyllous, the earliest and latest blades unlobed, the largest "pedately" notched or divided into 3-9 lobes). Flowers and fruits are similar, except that clesitogamous capsules tend to be smaller (6-8 mm long versus 7-14 mm). These plants have been erroneously named V. palmata in the past; see notes under that species. V. subsinuata is typical of rocky base-rich woods, while true palmata (formerly known as triloba) generally occurs on medium acid soils. However, these species do appear to intergrade in some cases.