It is not clear if this annual of warmer American regions is native as far north as the central Mississippi and Ohio Valleys (Y, W); it may even be considered locally invasive (Ladd & Thomas 2015). There was some early ornamental use in this region (F, Cr), and the first report from Ky. was in 1914 (Gm). Horticultural hybrids with quamoclit may also be expected (Y, W), though coccinea reportedly differs in chromosome number (2n = 28, versus 30 as in most species of Ipomaea). The popular hybrid known as "Cardinal Vine" or I. sloteri (House) van Ooststr. is a tetraploid derived from these two diploids (Eckenwalder & Brown 1986); it may self-seed and spread from cultivation in Ky. (C, Michler, pers. comm.). I. hederifolia L. is another closely related tropical species that has been reported erroneously from Ky. (M) and nearby states (W, Y).