This infamously pungent plant ("horseradish") is widely cultivated. There are records from OLDH and TODD (M), but perhaps just persistent from old gardens. It spreads slowly from root branches, but rarely makes fertile seed. It is self-incompatible and probably originated as a cultivated hybrid of ancestral species in Eurasia (Al-Shehbaz 1988b). The infamous flavor of roots involves production of phenethyl isothiosianate, which is relished in small doses by some humans; it is also produced by Nasturtium officinale (watercress). This chemical is absorped into blood, and appears to have several medical benefits, from inhibition of cancers to repellance of ticks (e.g. Song et al. 2005, Nguyen et al. 2013, Gupta et al. 2014, Kim et al. 2021).