These plants occur in largely non-calcareous Appalachian regions from W.Va. to Ala. and perhaps west to the Ozarks of Ark. and Mo., mostly on or near rocky banks of larger streams and rivers (W; D. Estes, pers. comm.). They differ from the "flaccida" variant of viorna in more calcareous regions as follows: sepals thinly hairy, especially when young, or glabrate (versus densely hairy); leaves glabrous on lower surface or nearly so, except for scattered hairs along veins (versus uniformly hairy); leaves, at least low on stem, mostly ternate or compound with 4-8 leaflets, these usually ovate to lanceolate with elongated acute-acuminate apices (versus variable but often less divided and less elongated); stems more or less hairy near nodes, but thinly hairy to glabrous in general (versus uniformly hairy). Leaves are often relatively deep bluish-green, with a rather pale bluish sheen below, but not distinctly whitish-glaucous. The name C. glaucophylla Small has been applied to these plants using the treatments of Sm, F, RAB, J, earlier W and others, but this is incorrect (FNA 3; D. Estes, pers. comm.). Also, some southern plants in Ky., with relatively broad, paler green, subreticulate leaflets, or with relatively small flowers, may resemble the obscure taxa described by Sm. as V. beadlei.