This northeastern shrub extends south to c. Ind. and c. Ohio. It has been reported from Ky. by Pr, Gm and other early authors, but not verified (M). The only known coll. is from ROWA (MDKY) in the 1930s and has dubious data (Campbell et al. 1992). C. rugosa may be planted in the state. It can be confused with other species based on its leaves alone, which are highly variable in pubescence (Wilson 1965; Cr, W). Hybrids may also be expected. It differs from stolonifera in having young stems green with streaks of red-purple around lenticels (versus mostly red), leaves broader (ovate-suborbicular versus lanceolate-ovate), with more secondary veins (usually 7-9 per side versus 5-7), more prominent tertiary veins, and more pubescence below; and fruits light blue (versus usually white). Also, plants are reported to be truely rhizomatous (versus just occasionally arching down and rooting at nodes). See Wilson (1965), FNA 12 and W for details.