This northeastern species extends south at high elevation to the mountains of eastern W.Va. (FNA 2, K, W). It has been reportedly planted at several localities in southern W.Va. and at scattered sites across the northern Ohio Valley. The few colls. from Ky. are all from planted trees, and establishment from self-sown seed is unknown. P. resinosa differs from virginiana and other allies as follows (FNA 2, W): needles 10-17 cm long (versus 2-13 cm); branches brittle (versus flexible); spring shoots with a single node bearing 1 whorl of branches (versus usually with several nodes and whorls). The closely related European species, P. nigra J.F.Arnold (Austrian pine) and P. sylvestris L. (Scotch pine) are also planted widely in eastern North America, including Ky., but are they unknown to naturalize here (FNA 2, W).