This diploid (2n = 72) is widespread in eastern states, ands also occurs in southern Afrtica (FNA 2). Variation deserves further research. A few colls. are referable to forma hortonae and var. incisum (= forma serratum), following F; see also notes under var. bacculum-rubrum. Hybrids with rhizophyllum (X ebenoides R.R. Scott) have been found in several counties (Cranfill 1980; colls. at KY etc.).