This biennial was recently described by Chapel & Vincent (2013). A population of only 10-20 plants was discovered along Clear Cr. in southeast WOOD by Joe Lacefield (Ky. State Dept. of Fish & Wildlife) during 2010. A similar population was discovered by Tara Littlefield (KSNPC) along Little Benson Cr. in southwest FRAN during 2012, together with several other rare plants that may be indicative of an ancient buffalo trail. There are also old colls. from FAYE by H. Garman (BE ex Ky. Agr., Lexington, 19 May 1910) and from central Tenn. by A. Gattinger: "sterile lands near Nashville", May 1875 (NY 2622697); and "rocky ground" or "dry pastures", Nashville, May 1878 (CM, TENN). These plants are clearly close to reflexum but differ in being largely prostrate (versus ascending to erect), usually 5-20 cm tall (versus 10-40 cm), but have longer petioles on average (mostly 4-16 cm versus 1-8 cm), with the most distal petiole distinctly longer (5.7-8.2 cm versus 0.3-3.5 cm), much exceeding the peduncle (x 3-5 versus x 0.25-2.5). Also, inflorescences are generally smaller: mostly 2-3 cm wide and 1-3 cm high (versus 2-3.5 cm wide and high). On the leaves, darkened chevron markings are present in the FRAN plants but lacking in the WOOD plants, Flowers resemble those of stoloniferum, and appear earlier than reflexum: mostly 25 Apr-25 May (or later if clipped) versus 23 May-3 Jul in Ky. Sepal lobes tend to be shorter, ca. 2-4 mm (versus 3-7 mm in reflexum), and corollas are creamy white (versus often pink to red). The species grows in eutrophic woods somewhat similar to stoloniferum, but on drier soil with less depth and more limestone. It occurs mostly along deer trails or in areas browsed by cattle, as does stoloniferum at many sites. In contrast, reflexum tends to occur on less fertile soils, often sandy or with less strong calcareous influence. Initial cultivation has been possible for seed production and has revealed potential problems for the species. Germination in nature appears to be most successful during May, sometimes even in the maturing flower heads before dispersal if conditions are damp. However, plants also appear highly susceptible to damping off during summer to fall, especially in shallow pots or flats with even slightly poor drainage. Seedling roots grow remarkably fast and are presumably adapted to seeking deep cracks in well-drained rocky soils with relatively little clay (perhaps rendolls in general). Artificial germination during summer to fall (which is rapid after scratching seed) may be fine for greenhouse plants, but in the field this can result in plants too small to weather hard winters. Winter is needed to stimulate flowering. Plants are much favored by rabbits, and generally must be protected in urban gardens, but grazed plants can still flower later in summer (as in reflexum).