This is a globally rare species known mostly on the southeastern Coastal Plain, but extending north on the Cumberland Plateau to Scott Co., Tenn., adjacent to Ky. (Ch). It is close to gynandra but perigynia are ovoid (versus ovoid to ellipsoid) and papillose (versus smooth); achenes are not constricted (versus "variously constricted"); and pistillate scale apices are truncate (versus acuminate). A coll. of C. gynandra from Ky. by C.W. Short (NY) was apparently misidentified as C. mitchelliana M.A. Curtis, leading to erroneous records from Ky. by Bruederle et al. (1989), Cr and FNA 23 (M). However, mitchelliana is expected in the state.