This largely Appalachian species may be unknown in Ky. west of the Cliff Section, where it is restricted to sandstone cliffs. See also notes under H. missouriensis, which may still be confused in some cases. A few colls. on the Cumberland Plateau have been identified as missouriensis by R. Folk (2015), but appear closer to parviflora: e.g. Reed #10815 (ELLI) and some from Tenn. at MO. Most colls. from Ky. appear to match var. rugelii (Shuttlw.) Rosend., Butt. & Lak., which has less hairy leaves, but that taxon was not recognized by Wells (1984) or by most other recent authors of treatments. The parviflora complex (with missouriensis and puberula) differs from the villosa complex (with macrorhiza and arkansana) as follows (W): leaves with rounded lobes and rounded teeth (versus with widely to narrowly triangular lobes and triangular teeth) ; petals oblanceolate, reflexed (versus often coiled); seeds smooth (versus echinate); internodes of floral branches 2.5-11.2 mm long (versus 0.3-2.9 mm).