This East Asian species of warm temperate regions is an apogamous triploid with 2n = 123. It is established at scattered sites across southeastern states, especially in old mortar of brick walls (FNA 2, K, W). Unknown in Ky. before 2010, it was recently discovered on rocky ground at the base of limestone cliffs along the Green Rv. in HART (WKY; Hulsey & Meier 2011). It has also been reported from the base of sandstone cliffs in WOLF near Torrent, with 100s of plants (D. Dourson, pers. comm.), from an old rock wall around a spring in FAYE (JC pers. obs.), and from several iNaturalist records. There is a recent report from Jennings Co., Ind. (herbarium of Ind. Univ. SE).