C, canadensis sensu stricto is widely cultivated, but other taxa in the genus are occasionally planted across eastern states, then sometimes confused (W). These taxa include C. texensis (S. Watson) Sarg., C. occidentalis Torr. ex Gray and C. chinensis Bunge. Flowers and fruits of occidentalis (native to southwestern states) are generally larger than canadensis and texensis (FNA 11). Leaves of occidentalis are usually distinguishable from canadensis and texensis as follows (Isely 1975, Robertson 1976, FNA 11): usually with broadly rounded emarginate to retuse apices (versus acuminate, acute or retuse), not distinctly tapering toward the tips (versus often distinctly tapering), more or less coriaceous and glossy above (versus distinctly, slightly or not so). C. texensis can appear intermediate between canadensis and occidentalis in some cases, but its leaves tend to be more coriaceous, to have more sinuate margins and more pubescence below. It is sometimes planted in Ky. at naturalistic sites (e.g. at the parking lot for Cumberland Falls in WHIT).