See notes under parlinii. Both taxa are widespread stoloniferous plants in woodlands of eastern North America, and often confused. A. plantaginifolia is a sexual diploid of drier or more open habitats, on average, but there is little evidence of ecological difference. Curiously, Y did not recognize plantaginifolia in Mo., but reported parlinii and its ssp. fallax (including ambigens) across most of that state, within the same habitats.